Polyethylene Glycol
Subject Headings
What is Polyethylene Glycol?
Polyethylene glycol is a polyether compound derived from petroleum with many applications from industrial production to pharmaceuticals. PEG is also known as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyoxyethylene (POE) depending on its molecular weight. The PEG structure is usually expressed as H−(O−CH2−CH2) n−OH.
How does Polyethylene Glycol look?
White crystalline powder
What is the molecular formula of Polyethylene Glycol?
Molecular Formula: C2nH4n+2On+1
In which sectors is Polyethylene Glycol used?
- Medicine and pharmaceutical industry
- Chemical applications
- biological studies
- Personal care products and toothpastes
- Sectoral uses such as soap and ceramic production
What are the usage areas (processes) of Polyethylene Glycol?
- Polyethylene Glycol is used for bowel preparation before related medical operations.
- When added to various proteinaceous drugs, polyethylene glycol allows the transported protein to be slowly cleared from the blood.
- Polyethylene Glycol hydrogels are used in the treatment of gum diseases.
- A lipid with polyethylene glycol is used as excipient in both the Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Both RNA vaccines consist of messenger RNA or mRNA enclosed in a bubble of fatty molecules called lipids. Proprietary lipid technology is used for each. In both vaccines, the blisters are coated with a stabilizing polyethylene glycol molecule.
- Because PEG is a hydrophilic molecule, it has been used to passivate microscope glass slides to prevent non-specific adhesion of proteins in single-molecule fluorescence studies.
- The polymer is used as a lubricating coating for various surfaces in aqueous and non-aqueous environments.
- Because PEG is a flexible, water-soluble polymer, it can be used to create very high osmotic pressures.
- PEG is often used as an internal calibration compound in mass spectrometry experiments.
- PEG derivatives, such as narrow-gap ethoxylates, are used as surfactants.
- It has been used to protect historical artifacts and valuable structures in many parts of the world.
- Polyethylene glycol is used as a polar stationary phase for gas chromatography and as a heat transfer fluid in electronic test equipment.
- PEG is one of the most useful molecules for applying osmotic pressure in biochemistry and biomembrane experiments, especially when using the osmotic stress technique.
- PEG is used to increase the size and strength of very large soap bubbles.
- PEG is the main ingredient in many personal lubricants. (Not to be confused with propylene glycol.)
- PEG is the main ingredient of paint in paintballs.
- Trident II submarine-launched ballistic missile solid rocket fuel uses polyethylene glycol plasticized with nitrate ester (NEPE-75).
- Dimethyl ethers of PEG are the key component of Selexol, a solvent used by coal-burning integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants to remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from the syngas stream.
- PEG is used in electrical double layer transistor to create superconductivity in an insulator.
- PEG is injected into industrial processes to reduce foaming in separation equipment.
- PEG is used as a binder in the preparation of technical ceramics.
- PEG is used in batteries, electro-chrome display systems, and other products to improve their future-proof properties.
- Used in low molecular weight formulations (eg PEG 400), ink solvent in Hewlett-Packard designjet printers, and as a printhead lubricant.
- PEG is also used as an antifoam in food and beverages.
- PEG is the basis of many skin creams (such as cetomacrogol) and personal lubricants (often in combination with glycerin).
- PEG is used as a dispersant in a number of toothpastes. In this application, it binds water and helps distribute the xanthan gum evenly throughout the toothpaste.
- PEG is commonly used as a crowding agent in in vitro assays to mimic highly populated cellular conditions.
- PEG is often used as a precipitant for plasmid DNA isolation and protein crystallization. X-ray diffraction of protein crystals can reveal the atomic structure of proteins.
- PEG is used to combine two different types of cells, mostly B cells and myelomas, to form hybridomas.
- Polymer segments derived from PEG polyols add flexibility to polyurethanes for applications such as elastomeric fibers (spandex) and foam pillows.
- In microbiology, PEG precipitation is used to condense viruses. PEG is also used to achieve complete fusion in liposomes reconstituted in vitro.
- Gene therapy vectors (such as viruses) can be coated with PEG to protect them from inactivation by the immune system and to remove them from organs where they can accumulate and have a toxic effect.
- PEG is a component of stable nucleic acid lipid particles (SNALPs) used to package siRNA for in vivo use.
- In blood banking, PEG is used as an enhancer to increase the detection of antigens and antibodies.
- When working with phenol in a lab setting, PEG 300 can be used on phenol skin burns to deactivate any residual phenol.
- In biophysics, polyethylene glycols are the molecules of choice for functioning ion channels diameter studies because they have a spherical shape in aqueous solutions and can block ion channel conductivity.
What is the Sales Price of Polyethylene Glycol?
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Where Can I Buy Polyethylene Glycol?
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